CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1. THE GENESIS OF DRUG USE AND ABUSE IN BULGARIA

1.1. MEDICAL OPIATES, TRANQUILIZERS, AMPHETAMINES (1968-1990)
1.2. THE ARRIVAL OF HEROIN (1990-1991)
1.3. THE FIRST HEROIN OUTBREAK (1992-1994)
1.4. THE END OF THE FIRST HEROIN WAVE (1995-1997)
1.5. CLOSING DOWN INSURANCE COMPANIES AND THE ENCROACHMENT OF ORGANIZED CRIME OVER DRUG DEALERSHIP (1997-2001)

A. The Involvement of Organized Crime in Heroin Transit Channels and Their Capture of Domestic Markets
B. The Surge of Soft Drug Use
C. The Penetration of Synthetic Drugs

2. STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF DRUG DISTRIBUTION IN BULGARIA

2.1. THE HEROIN MARKET
2.2. THE SOFT DRUG MARKET
2.3. THE SYNTHETIC DRUG MARKET
2.4. BULGARIAN DRUG-RELATED ORGANIZED CRIME AND POSSIBLE SCENARIOS FOR THE FUTURE OF DRUG-DISTRIBUTION IN THE COUNTRY

3. ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE (PAS) USE AND ABUSE IN BULGARIA

3.1. SOFT DRUG USE
3.2. SYNTHETIC DRUG USE
3.3. USE OF HEROIN
3.4. THE USE OF COCAINE, LSD, ANABOLIC STEROIDS, AND INHALANTS

4. CONCLUSION

APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1: METHODOLOGICAL REMARKS
APPENDIX 2: THE FIGHT AGAINST DRUGS IN BULGARIA: LEGISLATIVE, INSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT